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EBER

(Heb. ʿēḇer)

1. The eponymous ancestor of the Hebrews; descendant of Shelah, Arpachshad, and Shem. Two distinct lineages of Eber are given. In the Table of Nations Eber’s lineage is traced through his son Joktan (Gen. 10:21-31), and Eber probably designates the “region beyond” (ʿēber) the River (Jordan?). That is, Eber refers to the territory of Semitic peoples, from Mesha to the hill country in the east. Eber is also listed in the genealogy from Shem to Terah, but his lineage is traced through his first son Peleg (Gen. 11:14-17). These two lineages are combined by the Chronicler (1 Chr. 1:17-27).

In the final oracle of Balaam Eber is mentioned along with Asshur (Assyria) as the place afflicted by the ships of Kittim, probably the Greeks from eastern Anatolia or Cyprus (Num. 24:24). This reference, as in the Table of Nations, probably refers to the territory beyond the river.

2. One of seven clans of the tribe of Gad, living in the land of Bashan (1 Chr. 5:13).

3. The first son of Elpaal, of the tribe of Benjamin (1 Chr. 8:12).

4. The son of Shashak, of the tribe of Benjamin (1 Chr. 8:22).

5. A postexilic priest, head of the house of Amok, during the days of Joiakim (Neh. 12:20).

Ronald A. Simkins







Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible (2000)

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