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ACHISH

(Heb. ʾāḵîš)

The king of Philistine Gath during the time of David (1 Sam. 21–29) and early in Solomon’s reign (1 Kgs. 2:39). Despite the two different patronyms, Maoch (1 Sam. 27:2) and Maacah (1 Kgs. 2:39), this is the same individual.

When David was fleeing from Saul, he twice took refuge with Achish. On the first occasion, David feigned insanity to avoid harm (1 Sam. 21:12-13[MT 13-14]) and quickly left Achish. On the second, Achish received David and, at the latter’s request, gave David and his followers the city of Ziklag as a fief (1 Sam. 27:1-6). David quickly gained favor with Achish, who used him and his band as his bodyguards. In preparation for a battle with Saul, the Philistine kings gathered at Aphek (1 Sam. 29). David and his band wished to participate in the battle, but, despite Achish’s efforts, the other kings insisted that David leave. Shortly afterward, David became king of Judah and left Achish’s service. According to the biblical record, at least 40 years later Achish still ruled Gath (1 Kgs. 2:39-40).

Paul S. Ash







Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible (2000)

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