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HADRACH

(Heb. arāḵ)

A city in northern Syria, near modern Tell Afīs, 45 km. (30 mi.) SW of Aleppo. Hadrach occurs once in the Bible, in a prophetic announcement of the destruction of various Philistine, Syrian, and Phoenician territories (Zech. 9:1-8). In an Aramaic inscription (ca. 800 b.c.e.) Zakir king of Hamath and Luʿash lauds Baalshamayn for granting him kingship in Hadrach (Aram. µazra) and also for defending him and the city of Hadrach from the coalition of Bar-hadad, son of Hazael. The Assyrian eponym chronicle mentions a campaign of Shalmaneser IV to Hadrach (ca. 772). One of Tiglath-pileser III’s annals refers to his subjugation of Hadrach, and the city appears in a victory stele of Sargon II. The reference to Hadrach in Zechariah may allude to the earlier historical circumstances of the late 8th century.

Bibliography. J. C. L. Gibson, Textbook of Syrian Semitic Inscriptions, 2: Aramaic Inscriptions (Oxford, 1975); W. T. Pitard, Ancient Damascus (Winona Lake, 1987).

Chris A. Rollston







Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible (2000)

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