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HAMATH-ZOBAH

(Heb. ḥămāṯ ôâ)

A city or region (“fortress of the estate/plantation”) in southern Syria captured by Solomon (2 Chr. 8:3). It is uncertain whether the two names belong to a single settlement (Hamath-zobah) or a region that was alternately ruled by one or two cities (Hamath and Zobah).

Saul, David, and Solomon each battled Aramean forces settled northeast of Damascus to gain control of territory as far as the Euphrates River. Saul’s forays were limited (1 Sam. 14:47), while David’s army faced Hadadezer, king of Zobah, in extended battle (2 Sam. 8:3). The Chronicler refers to Hadadezer as king of Zobah Hamath (1 Chr. 18:3; NRSV “Zobah, toward Hamath”). Mercenaries from Zobah were hired by Ammon to fight David in a two-front battle, but were routed and defeated (2 Sam. 10:6). 1 Chr. 18 refers to Zobah (v. 3) and Hamath as separate city-states (v. 9).

David C. Maltsberger







Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible (2000)

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