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GOMER

(Heb. gōmer)

1. The oldest son of Japheth, the son of Noah, attested in the Table of Nations as eponymous ancestor of a people (Gen. 10:2-3; 1 Chr. 1:5-6). Attested also in cuneiform as Gimirrai and in Greek as Kimmerioi, their place of origin was N of the Black Sea. The Cimmerians are known in the ancient Near East from the 8th century b.c.e. when they were pressed by the Scythians. As they moved south, they became a formidable threat to Urartu and to Assyria as well. They seem to have disappeared from history by the 6th century as the Persians did not separate the Cimmerians and the Scythians. This Gomer is again named in association with the eschatological judgment scene in Ezek. 38:1-9.

2. The daughter of Diblaim, a prostitute and wife of Hosea (Hos. 1:3). She bore the three children, Jezreel (“God sows”), Lo-ruhamah (“Not pitied”), and Lo-ammi (“Not my people”). These symbolic names signify Israel’s unfaithfulness, graphically expressed in Gomer’s whoredom as representing religious infidelity (i.e., participation in fertility rites). Gomer’s marriage with Hosea and Israel’s relationship with Yahweh point out that Israel wrongfully worshipped Baal in place of Yahweh, who gave grain, wine, and oil (Hos. 2:8[MT 10]; cf. vv. 16-17[18-19]).

Aaron W. Park







Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible (2000)

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